"I Believe in Hard Work and Not in Sitting by the Fire Spinning Fine Theories” Or, Why is Inspector Lestrade So Popular? by Heather Hinson

“There was one little sallow rat-faced, dark-eyes fellow,” Watson writes in A Study in Scarlet, “who was introduced to me as Mr. Lestrade.”

This is the audience’s first introduction to Inspector G. Lestrade of Scotland Yard. Arguably not the best introduction to a man who becomes a staple in later stories.  A little while later, Sherlock Holmes adds to this introduction with these words: 

“Gregson is the smartest of the Scotland Yarders,” my friend remarked; “he and Lestrade are the pick of a bad lot. They are both quick and energetic, but conventional—shockingly so. They have their knives into one another, too. They are as jealous as a pair of professional beauties. There will be some fun over this case if they are both put upon the scent.”

From Watson’s, and later, Holmes’ descriptions of Inspector Lestrade, how did this man become an unofficial fan favorite?

In Watson’s narratives there are four members of Scotland Yard that Holmes deems worthy enough to interact with during Holmes’ adventures. Inspector Bradstreet (who never gets a first name), who interacted with Holmes and Watson in three adventures (TWIS, ENGR, and BLUE).

Next is Stanley Hopkins, who is not an Inspector but a promising detective (GOLD). Hopkins, whom Holmes tells Watson when Hopkins writes to him about Sir Eustace’s death: “Hopkins’s writing shows considerable agitation, and he is not an emotional man.” (ABBE). Hopkins joins Holmes and Watson on four adventures. (ABBE, GOLD, BLAC, and MISS).

Third on this list is Inspector Tobias Gregson whom Watson writes, “was well known to us as Inspector Gregson of Scotland Yard, an energetic, gallant, and, within his limitations, a capable officer”. (WIST).  Out of all the officers of Scotland Yard, Holmes seems to get along with Gregson the most even if they have only worked with him on fours cases (STUD, GREE, WIST, and REDC). He was also mentioned in SIGN as well, “When Gregson or Lestrade or Athelney Jones are out of their depths—which, by the way, is their normal state—the matter is laid before me.”

So, despite Inspector G. Lestrade working with Holmes and Watson on a breathtaking thirteen adventures (BOSC, NOBL, EMPT, NORW, CHAS, SIXN, SECO, CARD, BRUC, LADY, 3GAR, HOUN, and STUD) and  being mentioned in STUD as well, what is it that made Lestrade show up for many of these cases?  As Holmes mentioned in STUD, both Gregson and Lestrade are not only the “best of a bad lot,” but they have a professional rivalry. Yet Lestrade blows Gregson out of the water when it comes to cases with Holmes. Which, of course, gets his name in the paper much more. But why?

Is it because Gregson has other cases he’s working on when these adventures appear? Is Lestrade hoarding the good cases, or just camping out around Baker Street so he’s the first to get a jump on these cases?  Is Lestrade just clever or ambitious enough that, when these cases appear on his docket, he directs them towards Holmes for consultation?  But again, why? 

Outside the books, the media tends to use Lestrade often as their official liaison to Scotland Yard. Even outside the original canonical stories. Pastiches will add Lestrade into their stories. The Inspector even has an entire book series dedicated to him.  I could be wrong but I don’t believe Hopkins, Bradstreet or Gregson are this lucky.  The closest I could come to another one of the four being chosen over Lestrade was Captain Tobias Gregson in the TV series Elementary.  Even then, Lestrade appeared in a few episodes. Because he’s notable and if you’re reading a Sherlock Holmes adventure, outside the core two of Holmes and Watson, people are going to think of Lestrade.

Working closely with Holmes on thirteen different cases seems to have worked for the Inspector. Watson had to put him in, (even if he did add his own commentary) and Watson’s literary agent seemed to know a good thing when he read it, keeping the Yarder in as well.

Was it just good publicity? Smarter people than me will probably have answers and if I had six months of research, I could probably give a well-thought-out answer. My current thought is despite being a “sallow, rat-faced fellow” as Watson seems to think, Lestrade is clever enough, “the best of a bad bunch”, cocky, stubborn and seems to give Holmes at least a little bit of a challenge. He doesn’t acquiesce to Holmes immediately, instead pushing his own theories be them correct or wildly wrong. I think Holmes likes the challenge, enjoys the power play. If Lestrade could ever get one over on the great Sherlock Holmes, that would be something to crow about. He never does, but it doesn’t mean he stops trying. This challenge comes out in the stories and in the way the Inspector is used outside the canon as well. 

Over the years, Lestrade has become as household as Holmes and Watson. If Watson is Holmes’ Boswell, when Lestrade is his ombudsman. The man to toss in if one needs a Scotland Yard Inspector in the midst. He’s easy, the copper with the most written about him, the man with the most interaction with Holmes outside Watson. These interactions make it easy for others to write about him, and from there, it just gave him the edge needed to become the favorite.

Another Adventure of Sherlock Hunting by Kristen Mertz

In my last blog post back in June of this year, I told you all of my adventures hunting down Sherlock statues around the world. After some planning, a cancellation and some re-planning, I am happy to say I was back at it again earlier this month. Fortunately for me, this statue is much closer to home than the first three I visited last year.  Our destination, Chester, IL, a short 90-minute drive from St. Louis, MO.  For those unfamiliar with this small town, it is the birthplace of Elzie Crisler Segar, the creator of Popeye and, just like us, an avid Sherlock Holmes fan. 

For this trip, I was lucky enough to be joined by a lovely group of Sherlockians from this very group plus a special guest from out of town, Ms. Anastasia Klimchynskaya. We drove to Chester on a very sunny, very warm November day to meet up with some of the group at our first rendezvous point, Reid’s Harvest House. There we had a smorgasbord buffet as we waited for everyone else to arrive at our second rendezvous point, the town post office. (NOTE: It was changed to the bank only a half block away, but I do not read my e-mails whilst adventuring.  My apologies to Rob Nunn.)

After everyone arrived, we headed out on foot for a brief walk and finally arrived at our first stop, our dear Sherlock statue. Many, many photos were taken by all! What a wonderful statue, with so many things to observe! Not only our detective, but the wall behind him with the letters “RACHE” in red. But also, the circle around and behind on the wall, the inscriptions of all those who contributed to the statue itself. I particularly noted, our St. Louis groups, The Parallel Case of St. Louis and the Harpooners of the Sea Unicorn, The Adventuresses of Sherlock Holmes and friends abroad as well, including the Sherlock Holmes Society of London and Sherlock Holmes Societe de France.  I would like to make a particular call out to the Japanese Sherlock Holmes Club, who I shall be seeing at the end of the year! (HINT: I am very excited about this and will take any chance I can to talk about it. HINT 2: This WILL definitely be in a future blog post.)

Speaking of hints, you can’t go to Chester without looking at other statues as well, as there are easter eggs to find along the Popeye character trail. Our group continued our walk around town to visit other statues to discover their secrets. From the school, to the firehouse and finally made our way towards a Casey’s gas station, as this day ended up being surprisingly hot and I was desperate for hydration. As we walked out of the Casey’s and were about to head back up the hill to where are cars were parked, a strange man yelled at us from his truck. What luck, it was Michael McClure, the very man who arranged to have the Sherlock statue erected! Not only did I get to meet another Sherlockian but he was kind enough to give us all a tour of his house, which held many more treasures and other collectibles. Far too many to include of the pictures, but some are included for a peak at what you might find.

Finally, we ended the day by locating the last of the easter eggs on the trail.  No spoilers here, but if you want some hints or a bit of a riddle, it is near a building that holds some mysteries, some pictures here may give you a clue, it is my favorite story in the canon and I paid a bit a cash for the full Strand version at the Minneapolis conference. Answer in the comments if you can figure it out.  No cheating to the Sherlockians who were on the adventure with me! For more history on Chester and the Popeye Character Trail, you can look here: https://www.chesterill.com/character-trail/.  

So, dear readers, I have now logged the 4th statue in my continuing Sherlock hunt. Which can only mean that I have decided to keep going. The only question left is, which statue will be next? Stay tuned for future adventures!

Scion Societies by Joe Eckrich

Steve Doyle, leader of The Illustrious Clients of Indianapolis, publisher of The Baker Street Journal, and one-half of Wessex Press, has recently given several talks on the importance of scion societies.  Those talks resonated with me very much.  I joined my first scion society in 1976 and since then I have been and I am a member of numerous societies.  I’ve seen societies come and go.  I even started one. 

 

The first society I joined was The Noble Bachelors of St. Louis, then the only one in the area.  At the time it met in dinner meetings 3 or 4 time a year with up to 40 or more in attendance.  I am still a member although the group doesn’t meet all that often and only had a picnic this year.  In November of 1988 I founded The Parallel Case of St. Louis as a smaller group that discussed a case each meeting, something that could not be done in the larger setting of The Noble Bachelor dinners.  Then, in January 1989, The Harpooners of the Sea Unicorn was started in St. Charles, Missouri, a stone’s throw from St. Louis.  Somewhat earlier The Occupants of The Empty House was begun in Du Quoin, Illinois, about two hours from St. Louis in Southern Illinois. Somewhat later The Chester Baskervilles saw the light of day in Chester, Illinois, about an hour from St. Louis.  

Now there was an abundance of societies within easy driving distance, but I noted a peculiar thing.  Most members of these societies were reluctance to attend other groups’ meetings. Oh, I picked up a few members of The Noble Bachelors but most of my group were new Sherlockians who pretty much only attended my meetings, even though I encouraged them to spread their wings.  The same was true for The Harpooners.  Now there was nothing wrong with that but I do believe it was a missed opportunity.  I ended up attending meetings of all of the area groups extending to The Occupants of The Empty House and made new Sherlockian friends and had many great evenings.

Now I have to admit, we were very fortunate to have so many scion societies within easy reach.  Many Sherlockians are lucky to have one group within driving distance and many don’t have any.  Fortunately with Zoom meetings so readily available it is relatively easy to find a meeting to attend.  Even after COVID, there are many groups either meeting exclusively on Zoom of doing hybrid meetings of in-person and Zoom meetings.  

So why do I think supporting scion societies is so important?  The BSI weekend only occurs once a year and, while there are numerous events other than the invitation-only BSI dinner, attendance is often difficult and certainly expensive.  While the BSI is an important part of our hobby, most of the work of keeping it alive and growing is done by the scion societies.  New members are attracted through the local groups.  Much of the scholarship, including that which appears in the Baker Street Journal, begins in discussions in local groups.  While the BSI hosts periodic conferences, there are many more hosted by scion societies.

Covid affected societies in various ways.  Locally, the Harpooners now meet exclusively via Zoom.  The Occupants died out during Covid.  Fortunately, The Parallel Case, after meeting on Zoom during Covid, went back to in-person meetings and also continue to do Zoom meetings several times a year.  Also, in the last few years, I’ve joined The Illustrious Clients of Indianapolis and The Tankerville Club of Cincinnati and attend several meeting of each during the year.  Also, the Clients host hybrid meetings so when I can’t be there in person I can still attend.  Attending these meetings has broaden my outlook, not to mentions significantly increased my Sherlockian friends.

I was investitured into The Baker Street Irregulars in 1993 as “The Stockbrokers Clerk” and I am very proud to be a member but I have always maintained that had I never become a BSI, I would still be doing exactly as I am doing now.  Attending scion society meetings and enjoying the scholarship, the friends and the fun that can be found in these groups.  

[Editor's Note: As mentioned above, The Parallel Case of St. Louis meets via Zoom three times a year and you can register for this Saturday's Zoom at this link.]

Medicine in the 19th Century: A Canonical Perspective by Srinivasan Raghavan

I first came across the Sherlock Holmes canon in a small town in India during my mid-teens. At the time I would rush through the pages to reach the end and to discover the solution to the mystery. 

Later, after qualifying as a medical doctor, I revisited the works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. It became evident that many of Sherlock Holmes' deductive processes were inspired by medical history-taking and physical examination, which are core aspects of medical training. In fact, Holmes’ character was partially modeled on Dr. Doyle’s teacher at Edinburgh, Dr. Joseph Bell, a physician renowned for his keen observational skills and ability to diagnose patients with remarkable accuracy.

With this in mind, I began focusing on the medical aspects of the stories and tried to reconcile them with contemporary terminology and practices.

While many instances of medical elements are woven throughout the stories, I’ve chosen a few that I think might interest readers.

One term that appears frequently in the canon is “brain fever.” For instance, in “The Naval Treaty," poor Percy Phelps has an important document stolen from him, after which he experiences both mental and physical collapse. He says, “Here I have lain, Mr. Holmes, for over nine weeks, unconscious and raving with brain fever… in my mad fits, I was capable of anything. Slowly, my reason has cleared, but it is only in the last three days that my memory has quite returned.”

It seems Phelps suffered a mental and physical breakdown, and similar references to "brain fever" appear in other stories as well.

In modern mental health, there is a condition known as acute psychosis, defined as a clinical syndrome involving hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thoughts or behaviors, or some combination of these, within an acute time frame (often less than a month). When comparing Phelps’ description of his condition with this definition, we can see some similarities, although the duration of the illness differs.

So, what is brain fever? In modern medical terminology, it would likely be classified as encephalitis, or inflammation of the brain, often caused by bacterial or viral infections.

Can stress cause encephalitis? Yes, in rare cases, stress can trigger an autoimmune response in which the body’s own immune system turns against itself, resulting in conditions like lupus (systemic lupus erythematosus, or SLE).

Did Percy Phelps and others in the canon suffer from encephalitis due to an overactive autoimmune  system triggered by stress, or was it primarily a mental health crisis? We may never know for sure!

Next, let’s turn to Curare, mentioned in A Study in Scarlet, The Sign of the Four, and "The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire." Curare is an alkaloid derived from South American plants, initially used by indigenous people to paralyze animals and birds by coating their arrows and darts with it. Interestingly, those who consumed the poisoned animals were unharmed.

The first well-known form of curare, called tubocurarine, was shipped in bamboo tubes, hence its name. It was later adopted in anesthesia as a muscle relaxant to aid in surgery, used alongside drugs that induce unconsciousness. Today, synthetic muscle relaxants are used, which function similarly to tubocurarine but with fewer side effects.

An important point to note is that curare only works when injected into the bloodstream, not when ingested orally.

In A Study in Scarlet, Jefferson Hope, the avenging angel, claims to use a capsule of curare to kill his nemesis, Enoch Drebber, by forcing him to swallow it. However, this would not be effective, as curare is harmless when swallowed, a fact that Sir Arthur Conan Doyle seemingly overlooked.

Finally, I’ll discuss "The Adventure of the Speckled Band," in which Dr. Grimsby Roylott uses a poisonous snake to kill one stepdaughter and attempts to murder the other. Holmes quickly identifies the snake as a Swamp Adder, describing it as “the deadliest snake in India,” and notes that Dr. Roylott dies within 10 seconds after the snake turns on him.

Unfortunately, Holmes was wrong on both counts. The deadliest snake in India is the King Cobra, whose neurotoxic venom paralyzes muscles, including those responsible for breathing. However, even this venom takes at least 20 minutes or more to kill an adult human being, certainly not in 10 seconds.

The Swamp Adder belongs to the Viper family, and its venom is hemotoxic, meaning that it causes blood clotting and eventually starves the body of oxygen by clogging the Blood Vessels. Hemotoxic venoms generally act more slowly than neurotoxins.

I have more fascinating tidbits of canonical medicine to share, and I hope to do so at some other time. I welcome any questions or comments.

Thank you for the opportunity to present my small monograph to you all.

Stories for the Long Haul by Brad Keefauver

Tell me . . . what are your favorite Sherlock Holmes stories?

Were they always your favorites, from the moment you first read them? When considering your favorites do you remember that initial burst of joy?

After something like forty-five years of Sherlock-fancy, I have to admit that I don’t remember my early favorites any more. And lately, my reasons for liking a given story have changed with time. Take “Silver Blaze” for example. During a recent story discussion, I realized that I didn’t much care for “Silver Blaze” any more. And that thought disturbed me a bit.

I mean, I still admire the technical mastery of the parts and pieces of the tale, the plot, the train ride, those limping sheep. But it’s like looking at the fifth proposition of Euclid for me. I mean, horses are nice, I like visiting horses in their stables. But Silver Blaze’s personality isn’t great, and there isn’t anyone in the tale who is an interesting hang.

Forty five years of revisiting “Silver Blaze” has left me rather numb to its charms.

Yet I remain a Sherlockian, and I love the Canon, so I must not have become numb to all of the stories. Having been shocked at my feelings about “Silver Blaze,” I decided to ponder the question deeper.

I mean, I love “The Adventure of the Illustrious Client.” Always have, and probably always will. What makes it so different? 

My first thought is the characters: Kitty Winter, Adelbert Gruner, Violet DeMerville, Porky Shinwell . . . heck, even Watson is going the extra mile in this one. Sure, Sherlock Holmes solves the issue at hand -- this being a tale where the mystery is merely the melodramatic “How will Holmes keep Violet from marrying the evil Baron?” No real mystery for Holmes to solve. But for us?

What was Kitty’s past life and what led to her ruination? How did Gruner get away with murdering his wife? What’s Porky do in “Hell, London?” What do Watson and his pal Lomax the sub-librarian talk about when they get together? This story is full of mysteries, full of prompts for analytical articles and fanfic. There’s life in it, and reading it ten years in, twenty years in, thirty years in, you’re always liable to see something different.

“Illustrious Client” is, in its way, a sloppier story than “Silver Blaze,” and in that mess are tidbits for us to find. 

When I think of my perennial favorites in the Canon, they’re always the stories that are rich veins of imaginative gold to be mined. While we might occasionally complain of Moriarty having to be in so many Holmes movies and TV shows, like Mycroft, he’s a mystery that we have to know more of. Silver Blaze . . . well, I’m sorry, but he was a horse. Maybe he won another race or two, got put out to stud if he didn’t break a leg. I don’t often wonder about Silver Blaze unless my imagination gives him sentience and a secret agenda. For it is the triggering of our imaginations which gives these stories their immortal fan-love.

The dweller on the threshold in “Devil’s Foot.” Wicked Susan Stockdale, first lady of the Stockdale gang. How a Dartmoor prison escape works. The folks in Sussex who think vampires are real. Parker, the harmless garroter and musician. The unused air-gun of “The Mazarin Stone.” All of these whisper of stories we have yet to hear, even if someone has told us their version of a might-have-been.

Sherlockians spend entire lives returning to these sixty stories that Sir Arthur Conan Doyle helped Watson bring to us. Sometimes we try to force that same faith on other writer’s works and so often we fail as years pass. But these stories . . . maybe not all of which can support such faith by themselves, but these stories as a whole body of work . . . they offer a never-ending banquet.

I may turn back around on “Silver Blaze” one day. But for now, another course of Holmes is always at the ready.

Canonical or Apocryphal?

At the July meeting, we discussed four stories that appear in different versions of the Apocrypha of the Sherlockian Canon, "The Field Bazaar," "How Watson Learned the Trick," "The Man with the Watches," and "The Lost Special."  And the end of our meeting, we took a vote of all of the members present to decide how we felt about each story, should it be considered part of the canonical stories or is just a tale that has similarities to other Sherlockian pieces, but ultimately doesn't belong?

Up first was "The Field Bazaar."  By a vote of 11-2, we overwhelmingly agreed that this should be considered Canon.  It has Holmes and Watson.  It is familiar to the Baker Street scenes that open so many adventures in the Canon.  And it gives substance to Watson, giving the reader information on his university days.

The Field Bazaar: Canonical

"How Watson Learned the Trick" came next.  Another version of a Baker Street opener, but some members felt that while the last story was true to the feel of canonical adventures, this piece strayed too far into parody territory.  Others noted this scene from the Granada series which was similar to "How Watson Learned the Trick."  Ultimately, the vote was 10-3 in favor of including it.

How Watson Learned the Trick: Canonical

Our next story to discuss was "The Man With the Watches."  Most of us felt that the letter to the press "over the signature of a well-known criminal investigator" did not ring true to Sherlock Holmes, although some did feel like it could have been Lestrade.  With the largest margin of all of the votes of 11-1, we said this tale was apocryphal.

The Man With the Watches: Apocryphal

And finally was "The Lost Special."  Most agreed that this was a good mystery, but again the letter that bore "the signature of an amateur of some celebrity at that date" was everyone's sticking point.  When it was argued that "one of the acutest brains in England" who "had the command of a band of workers who were trustworthy and intelligent" could be Professor Moriarty, discussion heated up.  Ultimately, most couldn't get past Holmes writing an incorrect letter to a newspaper about the crime.  Even if this was a Moriarty story, we voted 9-3 that it wasn't a Sherlock Holmes story.

The Lost Special: Apocryphal

Will "The Field Bazaar" and "How Watson Learned the Trick" ever be part of the published Canon that you can buy at your local bookstore?  The Arthur Conan Doyle Encyclopedia lists the Canon as having 62 stories that include these two and Ross Davies's chapter in Canonical Cornerstones he refers to these as "The Two True Tales" of the Apocrypha.  And now that 13 members of The Parallel Case of St. Louis have weighed in, I'm sure it's just a matter of time....

Good Sherlock Hunting by Kristen Mertz

Two years ago, at one of our meetings, Elaine told the group about a Sherlock conference that was being held in Switzerland and it is only $700 but the airfare it over $3000, there no way she could go. I said, no, no, no fly to London, visit there, take the train to Switzerland, make it a big trip. Rob said, “Of course Kristen would make it a whole thing.” Yes, that is exactly what I did. I made last year a WHOLE BIG THING.

On May 28th, I flew in to London and a friend of mine kindly took me around, navigating the whole London underground. I quite literally would have been lost without her. She planned everything for us and when she asked, “Is there anything you absolutely want to do?” I swiftly answered, “I have to see the Sherlock Museum and the Sherlock statue.” Everyone warned me not to expect a traditional Sherlock experience with the museum. They were right, but all my expectations of that statue were spot on, and the sun was shining on London that afternoon.

After running around London and Eastbourne for a few days, I flew to Switzerland for the Reichenbach Irregulars conference. I saw several Sherlockians on the bus ride up to the mountains in Leukerbad and was getting pretty excited. My first European conference! What was it going to be like. I quickly dumped my bags in my room and thought, where can I find some Sherlockians before the opening of the conference, so of course I headed for the bar.  Good deduction right? Of course, people were there and I got to meet a few people before the start.

I won’t go into all the details of the conference, but I will tell you if you ever get the chance to attend a European conference, just do it. It was wonderful. There were the presentations, a violin performance, wonderful food, a trip up to the Gemmi Pass and the hot springs! Of course, the best part was all the lovely company and chats with Sherlockians from around the world. We really do have the best people in our little Sherlock world.

I was going to go to Geneva after the conference, but was convinced by several that I absolutely had to visit Meiringen. I am so glad that I took their advice because the city was beautiful. I got to meet MORE wonderful Sherlockians and even hiked the Reichenbach falls. Of course, I had to visit the Sherlock Museum there as well and see yet another wonderful status of the master.  It apparently did not occur to me that perhaps I should have taken a selfie here sadly. Oh well, I guess I will have to go back!

July rolls around, I go to Tokyo. Now at this point, I remembered a conversation that I had at the Gemmi Pass with some members of the Japan Sherlock Holmes Club. We had a chat about me visiting my son in Japan in July that year as he was going to school for a semester there.  They asked what I was looking forward to and I of course said the food, the anime and all the things. They also told me there was a Sherlock status in Japan. I said, “I need to go see that.” Akane told me it was in Oiwake, pretty far from Yokohama where I would be staying, but that put the idea in my head. I mean, they have bullet trains right? I can get there.

There is a Tuesday that I have nothing planned, so I figure what the heck. I’m going to do it, I’m an going to find that statue. It’s only a few trains and a half hour walk. Of course, I am nervous, I kind of procrastinated and left the hotel a little late. I mean, I’m going by myself and my Japanese is limited to saying good morning and thank you and apologizing. I gathered up my courage and made my way to Tokyo station to buy my shinkansen ticket and then was on my way. (Side note, those bullet trains are so comfortable and quiet, you have no idea you are going 200 mph.) Another very cute local train ride later, I pull up my Google maps and start walking. It says a 30-minute walk, easy peasy, right? Not so, it was more of a 45-minute hike down a questionable road, through a rice farm by a volcano and through a residential area. When I was just about to give up hope, what do you know the crossroads and after I crossed that road, there were signs and one was a little Sherlock. I found it! 

Three Sherlock status in one year! What an accomplishment, but the last two pictures I took didn’t have me in them so do I have proof? Drats, I will have to redo those pictures at some point because Brad Keefauver has said that I should try to set a World Record for the most Sherlock status visited. Then Paul Thomas Miller asked me, wait, does this include plaques and memorials as well? Ah, dear readers, I do not know what I signed myself up for here. I shall have to think on it. Feel free to leave your advice in the comments. In the meantime, I will be looking for more statues and possibly plaques and/or busts to visit.